Cop30 现场直播：埃塞俄比亚将主办 Cop32，但主办 Cop31 的斗争仍在继续 |环境

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The news agency says it has been told by André Corrêa do Lago, the Cop30 president, that countries had agreed in principle to hold the 2027 edition of the UN climate summit in the east African nation.

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The choice still needs to be formally adopted, in a process which is expected to take place on Tuesday, but which Reuters reported that sources said would pass without a hitch.

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If it is confirmed, it means that the host of Cop32 will be decided before the host of Cop31 has been confirmed. Both Australia and Turkey are competing to host the 2026 summit, with Australia making its bid in partnership with the Pacific Islands, which are considered to be among the world’s most vulnerable places to climate change.

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COP summits rotate around the world’s regions. Ethiopia launched its bid in September, and it was unanimously selected by the Bureau of African Countries despite a rival bid from Nigeria.

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Thunder, lightning and torrential rain tore down on the Cop30 conference centre in Belém on the opening day yesterday, but the climate gathering has so far avoided the political storms that often shake the early phases of the annual talks, writes Jonathan Watts, the Guardian’s global environment writer.

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How long the calm lasts will be clearer over the next two days, when the Brazilian presidency holds consultations with key nations on the items that will be discussed over the coming two weeks.

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This is a diplomatic sleight of hand that has so far enabled the host to avoid the usual wrangles over the formal agenda, which have often taken several days in past conferences, holding up all other work. Yesterday, however, the agenda breezed through.

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Cop30 的第一天发生的重大泄漏事件。”,”caption”:”卫报可以揭露巴西贝伦 Cop30 第一天发生的重大泄漏事件。”,”credit”:”照片：Fiona Harvey/The Guardian”}},{“_type”:”model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.TextBlockElement”,”html”:”

关于有争议项目的艰难讨论现在将在与总统的小型聚会中进行争论，而庞大的谈判计划中的其他内容可以继续推进。

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对于缔约方会议主席安德烈·科雷亚·多·拉戈来说，这是一个令人鼓舞的开始。正如他提醒代表们的那样，他是世界上最受尊敬的气候外交官之一，自 1992 年里约热内卢地球峰会以来一直致力于环境治理。

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随着全球政治格局继续为进步制造额外障碍，更艰难的战斗还在后面。尽管许多与会者表示，他们很高兴唐纳德·特朗普领导下的美国没有参与进来，而不是成为破坏性的存在，但毫无疑问，任何协议都将因世界上最大的历史排放国和最富有的国家的缺席而受到削弱。

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另一个美国代表团将于周二举行新闻发布会，以表明该国许多人仍然支持雄心勃勃的行动。加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森 (Gavin Newsom) 和新墨西哥州州长米歇尔·卢扬·格里沙姆 (Michelle Lujan Grisham) 将是其中之一 代表地方联盟的 100 多名政界和商界领袖 美国全力以赴、气候市长和美国气候联盟。

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周二的主题日涵盖了从适应和生物经济到城市和基础设施等一系列主题。东道主强调，这不只是承诺和思想交流，而是具体政策和落实。 “每一天的目的都是将谈判与现实世界的影响联系起来，提供一个使执行、公平和紧迫性相结合的平台。第三十届缔约方会议是生活经验必须转化为紧急气候行动的地方，”Corrêa do Lago 说。

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但对于排放和金融等更大的话题，各国仍在表明自己的立场。一个关键的辩论将是代表们是否可以启动逐步淘汰化石燃料的路线图，以及该路线图是否涵盖所有国家。

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Cop30 联合国气候峰会会场外飘扬。”,”caption”:”巴西国旗在周二在贝伦举行的 Cop30 联合国气候峰会会场外飘扬。”,”credit”:”照片：费尔南多Llano/AP”}},{“_type”:”model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.TextBlockElement”,”html”:”

在迪拜举行的第 28 届缔约方大会上，世界同意放弃化石燃料，但去年在巴库举行的第 29 届缔约方大会上几乎没有提及这个主题。在今年的筹备会议上，沙特阿拉伯试图将这一主题从 Cop30 议程中剔除。但巴西总统卢拉·达席尔瓦向他的谈判团队发出了强烈信号，即这一至关重要的问题必须成为任何有效气候行动的核心，需要在贝伦取得进展。 “我们需要一个路线图，以便人类……能够克服对化石燃料的依赖，”这位资深的中左翼政治家在昨天的开幕会议上表示。

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如果这个想法要具有实质内容，就需要对所有国家强制执行，但许多石油生产大国会抵制这一点。巴西是世界十大石油和天然气生产国之一，是推动这一进程的理想国家。问题是它愿意走多远。全世界的路线图将标志着真正的进步。一些国家可以选择退出的自愿安排无异于洗绿

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东道主希望民间社会能够帮助推动雄心壮志。与过去三届警察在不同程度的独裁政府国家举行不同，巴西当局正在积极鼓励街头示威。 Corrêa do Lago 强调，这些对于提高会议中心内部的雄心至关重要。原住民团体和非政府组织在第 30 届缔约方大会上更加引人注目，有助于平衡在最近的峰会上占据主导地位的说客大军。周四和周五将举行“人民峰会”，周五将举行全球青年集会，周六将举行最大规模的示威活动。许多领先的非政府组织代表正在排队呼吁第 30 届缔约方会议开始建立化石燃料时代的出口坡道。

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“令人遗憾的是，气候会议召开了 30 年之后，我们仍然没有达成一致的计划来解决气候危机的主要驱动因素：化石燃料的使用。如果没有达成这样的协议，每一天都是在应对气候危机的过程中损失的一天，使世界上许多人面临巨大的风险。我们拥有所有数据，我们知道前进的道路，但我们仍然缺乏许多决策者的政治责任，”巴西气候观测站执行秘书马西奥·阿斯特里尼说。

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沙特阿拉伯和志同道合的国家将试图通过更加关注金融问题来阻止或淡化这些举措，这很容易使会议陷入混乱。该议程的解决还需要让已经遭受严重气候影响的许多南方国家满意。

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巴西经验丰富的气候外交官如果想在这些潜在风暴之间找到一条出路，他们还有很多工作要做。

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